Advances in technology
SOAPS
I am going be pointing out differences between when Coronation Street started on the 9th December 1960 to the 3rd November 1969, then eventually the HD version on the 31st may 2010
This is the debut episode of Coronation street (9th December 1960)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_7Z3046_dg
The scene is black and white which gives the effect that it's a depressing place ( dull,lifeless, not a nice place to live), which can not the class of people which live there. The movement of the camera at the beginning is not very stable as you can see it shakes around more than it does now, it was simple tracking which made it not very smooth. They used very simple camera shots to show dynamic views, they do this by having people behind the lead character in the scene so that the stars look more important with power.
In Coronation Street the set that they have used in 1969 was basic and there wasn't that much depth to each shot, this was mostly due to the low budget the
show had then, in 1967 the old houses were getting demolished and replaced with tower blocks making the acting space larger and enabling the film crew to capture better quality/ angle shots to work with. In 1967 there was a quite famous scene where a train crashes into some houses, they wouldn't of been able to do this if they haven't of changed their set.
There is a really depressing feeling to this clip mostly due to the fact that its in black and white, this also reflects onto the characters. The tracking of the camera is very simple and this gives the camera a very shaky effect. They were quite clever with having people stand out as a powerful character by having people stand behind her.
First colour episode in colour. (3rd November 1969).
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e5MjTO54UNw
The introduction is now in colour but little green making the set seem like it is still a depressing place to live, because it connotes lower class citizens because of the places they live in that are all cramped up in a small place. The camera movements have been upgraded and are now smoother but it is still not smooth in some parts. The pub in coronation street is a conversation that skips to another conversation and it pans to another conversation, it is all very confusing to watch.
Intro now in colour, although not really organic colours in there so it still has a quite depressing feel to it. Yet again connoting the characters in cramped living space. The camera has seemed to get better but on the more complicated shots its still shaky.
First HD episode of (Coronation Street. 31st may 2010)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IdfLn5dHhzI
Coronation street has developed a lot now because it is in HD and the camera movement has improved vastly. The set is more like a middle class as it has people roaming the streets in fashnoble clothing. There are stores and cafes with extras in them making it look like a happier brighter place to be and it also gives the impression that it is more populated. The picture quality is so much better as it does not have any bent camera shots and it is all shot in the greatest quality possible, instead of being blurry.
There are phenomenal differences from when Coronation Street first started to now. Such as the quality is now High Definition and the camera movement is much smoother. The place looks more upbeat and happy, extras create an effect of it being a civilised environment. It appears they have taken longer on each shot, they are all clear and not blurry at all
Offset printing is a popular printing style which the image that is inked is transferred from a plate to a sheet made of rubber, then to the printing surface. When combined with the lithographic procedure, the offset technique employs a smooth flat image carrier on which the image obtains ink from the rollers they used, while the non-printing area attracts a water-based film, keeping the non-printing areas free of ink. This technique was used since 1875 and was proved most useful and efficient
There was many types of printing after that such as mimeograph, screen printing, laser printing and thermal printing. but whats been most successful recently has been the digital press. Digital printing is printing from a digital based source image directly to a selection of media. Digital printing has a down side, it has a higher cost per page than basic offset printing but this price is usually offset by the saving in cancelling out all the technical steps between to make printing plates.
Now something is slowly taking over, it is newspaper articles on the internet published by the companies running the papers. These individual websites are proving to be more efficient to produce and easier for their audiences to view. This has the same effect that the material paper has, but is easier to use. There is full articles and there are still adverts on the sides and occasionally on banners in the middle.
Audience needs and lifestyles
In the80s and 90s the newspapers have introduced supplements to newspapers to please the smaller neiche audiences, it was put there to create a more diverse audience. There was a case of the 'Mail On Sunday' being filled with supplements. The suppplements came in handy for when the online newspapers were released, the supplements acted as a guide to the mini sections for the reading choice.
Before the internet people only used to get the regular newspaper occasionally if they were out or they would have to go out specifically for it. This seemed liked the most efficient way to do things and seemed like we didn't need to change it. Then Tim B L came along and invented the internet, this had changed things in following years, things like books, movies, pictures and in fact newspapers.
As people started to adapt to computers it didn't seem necessary to buy as many material goods, this affected many industries especially the newspapers. When people discovered that they could read newspapers online, less issues were sold of each newspapers. So the newspapers did something smart, newspapers such as 'The Sun' made it so you had to pay a subscription fee monthly to view their paper online. This gave everyone the option to pay monthly to view every paper for a fixed rate or buy ocasional ones for petty amounts.
Although this didn't appeal to some people because they didn't always want to read every paper, so they thought that they weren't getting their moneys worth. It was only newspapers like the Metro that earnt their money from the advertisements that gave their newspaper away for free at train stations and public places, they soon started giving their newspapers away online for free as well because you can have advertisements on the side and on the top or have banners across half way down the page.
People then started to use smart phones and tablets to access the internet and use applications of their favourite websites. The newspapers then caught on and offered the same deals for the access to view their newspaper via smart phone or tablet. This was extremely useful because it combined the freedom to take the newspaper anywhere and not having to actually go to a hop and buy it.
SOAP
Soaps were domestic dramas that had everyday life problems embeded in them, the main audience at
this time was just housewives at the large, but in recent years the audience changed diversly, the audience is typically anyone who is ranged from a young adult to an elderly person.Adding on to the further ways you can view television, the iPad and other various tablet devices can download the App for catch up programs such as 4oD and BBC iPlayer, it is possible to obtain such applications on smart phones and certain mp3 players but it would not have as good of quality and may not stream as fast.
Recently, the main source of television viewers is from the younger generation and shows like Eastenders have released a mini show within the programme focusing on the teenagers in the show. The target audience for this is aimed at people aged around 16-22 years old. Seeing how this goes it could eventually effect other Television shows and there could eventually become more spin off type shows aimed at younger audiences to obtain more views.
Cultural Changes in content
PRINT
Back in the 80s the royal family used to overrun newspaper covers. Mid level papers such as the Mail, after international affairs was mostly focused on the Royal family and very little of the paper was affecting minority groups, groups such as homosexuals only had issues if it was relative to a famous person. Racism only made the news when there was major upsets such as the Steven Lawrence case, this made racism more of an issue and more focused upon, this is mostly due to our country being white established and orthodox so
minorities weren't represented.
The newspaper has changed dramatically over the last few years, firstly our culture affects it increasingly over time. For example, when newspapers and magazines used to publish their issues they used to be really different, things like articles never used to be about homosexuality but as it is a more modern lifestyle people don't feel compelled to hide it. So this issue is often discussed in the newspapers when they stretch the lifestyle of being a homosexual, such things as marriage or adoption become a big issue that probably wouldn't have been discussed many years ago.
Racism is also something we did not think needed to be discussed years ago. This became more of an issue when our country became more of a multi-cultural society. We often press the issue that racism is portrayed as an extreme crime, and that most crimes are linked into racism. There is even a BBC Asian network for the radio, just as there is sections devoted to people with different cultures in the newspapers/magazines.
There was also not as much talk of Islam, as there was only talk of Anglo Saxon protestants. Our paper did not speak of such other cultures. We would have mainly christian related news and would not have mentioned anything to do with other cultures or religions.But as a post 9/11 society we naturally have focused more attention onto the Islamic society just as we did with homosexuals, by we have made an issue with whatever thing has an impact on our lifestyles for example, building another mosque in a christian neighbourhood.
SOAP
In the few starting episodes of Coronation Street there were mostly only white people on set because Britain wasn't that much of a multi-cultural society. Within the first episodes there was no people of other races at all as there was a predominately white area in Manchester and our society in general was mostly white in the 60s, it was only until 1983, that Shirley Armitage was introduced onto the street and was the start of a new generation of the show. Money was tough at this time, most people were working class. The main age group was middle age men/women, because that's who it was aimed at. How women were treated was different because they were treated at second class citizens, it were aimed at mostly men of working class which is seen as sexism now. The only issue really was arguments between men and women and married life. 
In newer episodes there were more people coming out and being gay, not caring what people thought of them and be equals. Although they were viewed as quite immature and clean, though this was not always true. There was quite a lot of people actually listening the show passively watching it, whilst most people actively watch it all depending on what they think about the show.
In the newest episodes there are more people from different cultures and different sexualities compared to the first episodes because before there wasn't as many foreign people in our country to act. The fact that Coronation Street is more multi-cultural it seems more realistic and true to England. With more diverse people in the show it would relate to more viewers. Now we would get younger viewers due to the fact that there are young actors in the show, so that more people have a section that they will seem familiar to their life.
Multi-nationalism
A multinational corporation/ enterprise is a corporation that is registered in more than one country or has operations in more than one country,
News corp is a diversified multinational mass media corporation, it is the worlds second largest media group in respect of revenue, and third largest in respect entertainment.
In 2011, Ed Miliband in a recorded broadcast in news corp's media dominance said that Murdoc's company which before the closure of the news of the world owned nearly 40 of the newspaper market and became too powerful, the reason politicians had failed to confront murk was because of fear of going up against such power.
The BBC radio was originally a world service station, the English accent was looked upon as a higher class of people, mostly because it seemed posh and was easily understood throughout all english speaking countries. This acted as a way of providing the BBC with a loyal audience when they had other established Radio/ TV shows.
Throughout the years the newspaper has being growing in many ways, in this piece of work I'm going to be exploring how it's became a multi-national source of media.
When the BBC developed its internet site and began delivering global news, it did so with a loyal international audience in place, since 1932, the world service has been broadcasting BBC news to countries all around the world, it is the largest international broadcaster in the world. The BBC added to this already massive and established global audience with the introduction BBC world television in 1991, large numbers migrated to the BBC printed internet news. Listeners and viewers, already loyal to bbc programmes in countries around the world.I will start with of course, Rupert Murdoch owner of such papers as 'The News Of The World' and 'The Sun'. He helped make newspapers multi-national a great deal. He was born in Australia and inherited 'News Limited' from his father and then went onto expand in the UK, later he went onto working in the states. Then went to buy 'The Times' his first British broadsheet.
Newspapers owned by Rupert Murdoch:
Daily Telegraph; Dow Jones; Harper Collins Publishers; Herald Sun; Inside Out; New York Post; News International; NT News; Post-Courier; Sunday Herald Sun; Sunday Mail; Sunday Times; The Advertiser; The Australian; The Courier-Mail; The Daily; The Mercury; The Sunday Mail; The Sunday Telegraph; The Sun; The Sunday Times; The Times; Times Literary Supplement; The Wall Street Journal; The Wall Street Journal Digital Network; Weekly Times; Zondervan.
Something else that helps the newspapers become multinational is the Internet. Without this we would have to print one countries paper in another countries. The World Wide Web enables anyone with an Internet connection to access information online, of course including newspapers. Some papers allow people to see the issue for free, but usually have loads of advertisements making them money, whilst others have a subscription fee (usually monthly).
Having newspapers in different countries in a way links us together on whats going on in the specific country. It is also ideal for if you're on holiday and you want to read up on whats going on, its the cheapest and best way to stay in the know on your own country.
SOAP
How many countries is Eastenders shown in ?
EastEnders is broadcast in different English-language countries. It was shown on BBC Prime in Asia, but when the channel was replaced by BBC Entertainment,It is shown on BBC Entertainment in Europe, and in Africa, where it is approximately six episodes behind the UK. it ceased showing the series. In Canada, EastEnders was shown on BBC Canada until 2010, at which point it was picked up by VisionTV. In Ireland, EastEnders was shown on TV3 from September 1998 until March 2001, when it moved over to RTÉ One, after RTÉ lost the rights to air rival soap Coronation Street to TV3.
Are the results what you expected to see ?
I thought that Eastenders would of bound to be shown in atleast two other countries as it is so popular in England.
Are there any surprises ?
Are there any surprises ?
Yes, as i thought that it wouldn't of reached out to places such as Africa as I thought they wouldn't of been interested as they are a completely culture.
Why do you think it is shown in other countries ?
Mostly I think that it is because it gives other countries the opportunities to witness english soaps and a glimpse of what a small part of english life is like. The show also has created diversity within the characters with the different characters they use so i feel that this helps other countries with distinctive cultures help relate.
Who watches it ?
The soap is very open to many ages and cultures but it used to be prominently aimed at housewives as they would be at home all day, but now it's open to pretty much anyone.
Why do they watch it ?
Some watch it because it can pass the time as a hobby, but i think that most of the people that watch it, watch it because they can relate to the social realism involved.
How is Eastenders watched by people outside the uk ?
Some people can simply just tune into TV, but there are some viewers such as Canadians will need something called VPN device which allows people to stream English television from the internet.
If they watch it on television , what channel is it on ?
Europe/ Asia - BBC PRIME (BBC ENTERTAINMENT)
Ireland- RTÉ One
Canada- VISIONTV
Ireland- RTÉ One
Canada- VISIONTV
How does technology help people to watch eastenders ?
Some places will not have the correct broadcasting services to receive Eastenders on TV, technology is advanced in the way in which if you have a internet connection you can pretty much do anything, streaming is only a simple procedure as long as you can find the correct episodes.
Do some countries show Eastenders with subtitles ?
yes, countries such as Finland do and also in Asia.
yes, countries such as Finland do and also in Asia.
Is it avalible on websites in other countries ?
Over the years, there has been a lot of changes in soaps. Firstly our country has became more multinational
and the number of foreign residents has increased dramatically, this has then affected the soaps on the television.
On the T.V, the soaps have started to involve more foreign actors to reflect modern society to have a sense of realism in the soaps. For example, in eastenders the masood family has been given a bigger role in eastenders as the years have gone on. Without ethnicity's the show wouldn't reflect the reality that we live in without multiple nationalities.
Economic Reasons
SOAPS
Though all serials have long switched to being taped, extensive post production work and multiple takes, while possible, are not feasible due to the tight taping schedules and low budgets in Eastenders, this has made it son they have to work even harder to produce the content that is desired by the mass audience. Eastenders then went on further to create small techniques they used to sustain more viewers and prevent any losses, the constant cliff hanger to reel the viewers back in when they were disinterested was a key element in Eastenders in particular, the viewing times were fitted to more family times ( when everyone was home) rather than in there middle of the day when the main audience was housewives, this then increased the viewer count as more people could potentially view it at multiple devices such as iPads or other TVs in the household.
Reasons for film directors and producers to cut back would be the recent recession causes them to have a lower budget. This dramatically effects the quality and production value of the soap.BBC has spent £102.5 million last year on 6 TV soaps, the soaps that are included in these are Casualty, Eastenders, Doctors and Holby City, 8 years ago it was 20% higher.
Having a low budget causes the shows to not broadcast live because there is too much production work involved to do there and then. Films budgets are normally a lot higher than soaps due to the income that films make. For example 'Spiderman 3' cost around 258 million to make in 2007, when an average soap opera would of spent at most 29 million a year! This shows for a fact how much films have to spend money on stunts and various action scenes, whilst soaps often need to give the impression of something happening rather than actually show it. Eastenders is only aloud to have 16 speaking characters per episode to remain within their budget. All together the BBC spent around 102 million on six T.V. soaps. Eastenders got an bonus of 500,000 pounds for the live episodes they did.
The actors/actresses of Coronation Street are said to be getting pay cuts. This is all to do with the show not making enough money and the recession combined to make the shows struggle a lot. Some Coronation street characters have had to been cut from the show recently due to budget cuts.There are many ways in which the newspapers have changed due to the economy. Firstly, there is a major rise in price for ink, this then has a major effect on the prices of the actual newspaper. For example, in the 1980s the paper was said to be around 20p but now it is recently been priced at 50p, that's over double! This is mainly because it costs more for the companies to print of each issue.
There are also high rises in advertisements over the past few years, this would also have an impact on how much the newspaper charges, depending on their view of the situation. For example, 'The Sun' charges for their issues of the newspaper this is their main source of money, although there is some newspapers like, 'The Metro' that offer the newspaper for free for people that are in a hurry on the trains, but wait! how do they make their money? They make all their money solely on advertising.
The growing number of people consuming their printed news on the internet has led to a accompanying fall in the number of news papers purchased, in the last decade, news paper readers for the major broadsheets and tabloids have seen reductions in circulation sales between thirty and seventy percent. Some examples include daily mail in 2003 (2,518,544) dAILY MAIL 2013 (1,863,151) daily telegraph 2003 (946,697) Daily telegraph 2013(555,818) independent 2003 (221,926) independent 2013 (76,802). A report published in the telegraph today, (3413) claims that senior figures at guardian news and media are seriously discussing there move to a completely online operation, after battling in recent years to stop losses of 44million pounds a year.
Changes in Style and Content
SOAP
Coronation Street has changed majorly over the years, from things such as editing effects, camera shots or even introductions. In 1961 there were no transitions of any kind, whereas in 1979 they started adding in fades and dissolves.The 1961 did not have as much silence, the key code adding tension to a scene compared to the 1979 version where the was a lot of tension created by silence. This effect could be key to linking the actors emotions with the viewers.
Another key element to soaps are Camera shots. The shots in 1961 version were called ensemble shots, which had 2-3 people in them, these often showed a social hierarchy if the person talking had other actors standing behind each other, sometimes it didn't if they were standing separately. The camera shots were also really bumpy due to the low budget the show that it had at the time, although in the 1979 version the shots distinguished the hierarchy in a clear way and the movement of the camera was a lot smoother. There was also a crane shot featured in the 1979 version, this shows that shows budgets were raised since 1961 as the crane is quite expensive to hire.
Colour was also a key ingredient to making Coronation street a successful soap, the first episode in colour being on the 3rd of November 1969. This was better but it didn't show vibrant colours, they were dull and murky. This wasn't a big of a problem in the 1979 version as they brightened up a little.
By 2012 Coronation Street has changed a lot since 1961, for example the production budget has been raised substantially. This one factor changes everything, the camera shots were a lot better in smoothness and the places they could get to shoot the shots was also really great. Coronation Street has greater knowledge of the codes they need to be using to create the emotional links between the actor and the viewer. Coronation street has gone from black and white to shooting in high definition.
In this screenshot we see that there are shots of groups of people who are gossiping and there is not any other cultured people. The camera style is really simple in these early episodes.
Secondly, in this screen shot we see a two way conversation taking place between two individuals, as you can see, the camera angles are far more sophisticated and there is people from a more diverse cultural background.
There has been a lot of changes in content as well over the years, there has been a variant of issues tackeled during the show started. In the 1960s there were a lot of scenes depicting woman standing around in ensemble shots, chatting away and gossiping about relationships and there would be ocasional digs towards one another, it was simple and didn't really go to much into domestic life.
In the 70s the show tackled issues that seemed more present and happening at the time, things that most viewers could relate to. Things like murder were brought up to show the modern times, a character called Ernest Gordon Bishop (Stephen Hancock) was murdered in 1978, when two thugs ended up shooting him, he then died on the operating table. I believe that this fits within the times better as there were more gun crimes being committed in this day and age.
There was a story plot which involved a character named Deirdre Langton (who was played by Anne Kirkbride) walking home late and was molested by a man, she did not have the courage to tell her husband and was on the verge of suicide. This structure seems to be more up to date with the affairs at the time.
In the 90s the show tackled problems which we as a society now face. On the news now there is always stories of these horrors such as rape, murder, violence. This puts it in our head that we as a society are subject to these terrors on a daily basis, Coronation street reflect this realism to an extent, reminding everyone that this show is supposed to reflect the life that we live in. So from 2001-present the stories have been increased with the violence.
During the shows running in 2007, there was a story that reflected a specific story that was all over the papers in real life. In the show, a house was burnt down and there was a death of a certain character. During all this commotion, a baby went missing from the mother. This was meant to reflect the story of Madeleine McCann, a young girl whom went missing from her parents in Portugal. The story was altered so that no offence was caused to the McCann family.
The name of the newspaper I will be looking at today is The Sun. The edition was published Tuesday, May 2nd 1992. There are two stories on the front page. The headline was 'Gotcha' it was a political story which is hard news. Your eye get drawn towards the Headline the down towards the picture of a gunboat, this is really eye-catching. I believe that 'The Sun' at this time published harder news stories and more straight to the point.
The second headline on the front page was also political which too is hard news. The Sun is a tabloid which means it is smaller and easier to read. There are pictures of warships on the front to draw peoples attention, also its more understandable. There are no advertisements most likely because The Sun does not rely on making their money from advertisements as they charge money to get their newspaper.
The second newspaper is in-fact the 'The Times' published on Thursday 13 January 2011 the Headline isn't as big as The Sun's above, the main story is about Britain having to save the Euro, this is hard news. Although the picture is significantly smaller than the second stories, i believe they've used the text to seem like the French PM is trapped in a sticky situation, pressured and stuck.
The second story is about a boy who died saving his brother in a flood, this is also hard news because someone died. What they've done is made the picture really big to show the appreciation of the sacrifice he made. There are Advertisements on the page, they do this so they will earn more money. 'The Times' itself looks highly intellectual compared to 'The Sun'. It is a broadsheet, so its a generally bigger newspaper, normally six rows across.
The old sun tended to have more light hearted soft news subjects or would have news about politics, nothing about famous celebrities. It has now became more explicit and sensational to sell more and the graphics have became more salacious, it would more likely have news about the royal family. The sun nowadays is subject to some heavy content, firstly the is normally a story about how someone has died or got injured somehow, there will also be constant news about the celebrities that the masses cla
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
+-mour for.
The use of black as a background has increased with the salacious stories, this creates a horrible dark and shady atmosphere to the cover. The font remains the same throughout the papers but the recent papers have been led into a more creative manner, if you notice the sun cover in the top left corner of this paragraph, everything is neat in its own box and black is only used for the title of the article. Where as the newspaper to the right and left are newer and more inventive with their design. Black takes up most of the page and every issue seems to have its own layout, depending on what picture it was, the text around them changes to match it in style.
Personally i thought the old Sun was better as the news wasn't as grim or cheapened by celebrities.
Even though the paper to the left is rather comical, the layout is still quite serious and blocky. It was easy to read but I found that the story did not relate to the layout of the paper. I felt that the front page on the right is the complete opposite to this as its a rather formal article and it's layout is so informal and jumbled up. Overall i believe that these newspapers do not portray the stories with the correct corresponding.
The old sun tended to have more light hearted soft news subjects or would have news about politics, nothing about famous celebrities. It has now became more explicit and sensational to sell more and the graphics have became more salacious, it would more likely have news about the royal family. The sun nowadays is subject to some heavy content, firstly the is normally a story about how someone has died or got injured somehow, there will also be constant news about the celebrities that the masses cla++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------
+-mour for.
The use of black as a background has increased with the salacious stories, this creates a horrible dark and shady atmosphere to the cover. The font remains the same throughout the papers but the recent papers have been led into a more creative manner, if you notice the sun cover in the top left corner of this paragraph, everything is neat in its own box and black is only used for the title of the article. Where as the newspaper to the right and left are newer and more inventive with their design. Black takes up most of the page and every issue seems to have its own layout, depending on what picture it was, the text around them changes to match it in style.Personally i thought the old Sun was better as the news wasn't as grim or cheapened by celebrities.
Even though the paper to the left is rather comical, the layout is still quite serious and blocky. It was easy to read but I found that the story did not relate to the layout of the paper. I felt that the front page on the right is the complete opposite to this as its a rather formal article and it's layout is so informal and jumbled up. Overall i believe that these newspapers do not portray the stories with the correct corresponding.
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